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Discover how PEPperPRINT Peptide Microarray products have been used in different fields of research.

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Non-Neutralizing Antibody Functions Predict Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 Infection after mRNA Booster Vaccination

Levy, Shlomia; Trifkovic, Sanja; Mielke, Dieter; Oppenheimer, Hannah; Goodman, Derrick; Ostrovsky, Daniel; Sanfield-Oakley, Sherry A.; Brackett, Caroline; Friedman, Lilach M; Kerkau, Melissa; Webby, Richard; Tomaras, Georgia; Guido, Ferrari; Nesher, Lior; Hertz, Tomer
Jan 2026
10.2139/ssrn.6019238
Previous studies have shown that neutralizing and binding antibody titers are correlates of protection for symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. We previously reported that individuals with low IgG and IgA baseline immune history (BIH) to SARS-CoV-2 variants were at increased risk of symptomatic infection in study of healthcare workers that received 3 or 4 doses of the Pfizer BNT-1262b2 vaccine. We also found that 1-month post-vaccination with the 4th booster dose, individuals with low-BIH mounted significant rises in binding and neutralizing antibody titers, to levels comparable to those of individuals with high-BIH, demonstrating that their increased risk was not due to inability to respond to vaccination. To further study the underlying factors that are associated with increased risk, we conducted a systems serology study of 40 low-BIH and 40 high-BIH individuals across 7 months of follow-up. We found that individuals with low BIH exhibited a significantly higher risk of symptomatic infection (HR=2.691, p=0.0065) and mounted weaker IgA and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) responses compared to high-BIH individuals, particularly against Omicron and Delta variants. Baseline levels of the chemokine CXCL-11 were elevated in the low-BIH group. We then showed that baseline immune profiles can be used to train a prediction model of infection risk across 7 months of follow-up with 76% accuracy. IgA, ADCC and ADCP baseline features were dominant predictors of susceptibility. Our findings suggest that non-neutralizing antibody functions, especially IgA and ADCC, contribute to protection against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection and that serology-guided stratification can enhance discovery of immune correlates of risk informing future vaccine design and deployment strategies.

High-Density Peptide Arrays for Malaria Vaccine Development

Loeffler, Felix F.; Pfeil, Johannes; Heiss, Kirsten
Apr 2016
10.1007/978-1-4939-3387-7_32
The development of an efficacious and practicable vaccine conferring sterile immunity towards a Plasmodium infection represents a not yet achieved goal. A crucial factor for the impact of a given anti-plasmodial subunit vaccine is the identification of the most potent parasitic components required to induce protection from both infection and disease. Here, we present a method based on a novel high-density peptide array technology that allows for a flexible readout of malaria antibodies. Peptide arrays applied as a screening method can be used to identify novel immunogenic antibody epitopes under a large number of potential antigens/peptides. Ultimately, discovered antigen candidates and/or epitope sequences can be translated into vaccine prototype design. The technology can be further utilized to unravel antibody-mediated immune responses (e.g., involved in the establishment of semi-immunity) and moreover to confirm vaccine potency during the process of clinical development by verifying the induced antibody responses following vaccination.

Peptide Arrays with a Chip

Nesterov, Alexander; Dörsam, Edgar; Cheng, Yun-Chien; Schirwitz, Christopher; Märkle, Frieder; Löffler, Felix; König, Kai; Stadler, Volker; Bischoff, Ralf; Breitling, Frank
Jan 2010
10.1007/978-1-60761-845-4_9
Today, lithographic methods enable combinatorial synthesis of >50,000 oligonucleotides per cm2, an advance that has revolutionized the whole field of genomics. A similar development is expected for the field of proteomics, provided that affordable, very high-density peptide arrays are available. However, peptide arrays lag behind oligonucleotide arrays. This is mainly due to the monomer-by-monomer repeated consecutive coupling of 20 different amino acids associated with lithography, which adds up to an excessive number of coupling cycles. A combinatorial synthesis based on electrically charged solid amino acid particles resolves this problem. A computer chip consecutively addresses the different charged particles to a solid support, where, when completed, the whole layer of solid amino acid particles is melted at once. This frees hitherto immobilized amino acids to couple all 20 different amino acids in one single coupling reaction to the support. The method should allow for the translation of entire genomes into a set of overlapping peptides to be used in proteome research.

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